The X chromosome and sex-specific effects in infectious disease susceptibility

Table 1 Sex bias of selected bacterial, fungal, parasitic and viral infections

Infection	Organism	Disease	Bias	Reference
Bacterial	Treponema pallidum	Syphilis	Male	[103,104,105]
	Borrelia burgdorferi	Lyme disease	Male (age)	[71, 72]
	Vibrio vulnificus	Infection	Male	[106]
	Staphylococcus aureus	Infection	Male	[107, 108]
	Pseudomonas aeruginosa	Infection	Male	[107, 108]
	Escherichia coli	Bacteraemias	Female	[107, 108]
Fungal	Cryptococcus neoformans	Fungal meningitis	Male	[109,110,111]
	Candida albicans	Onychomycosis	Female	[112,113,114,115,116,117]
	Paracoccidioidal brasiliensis	Infect mucosal membranes	Male	[118]
Parasitic	Schistosoma	Schistosomiasis	Male	[119,120,121]
	Leishmania	Leishmaniasis	Male	[119,120,121]
	Taenia	Tapeworm	Female	[119,120,121]
Viral	Influenza A	Influenza	Male	[122,123,124,125]
Viral	Hepatitis C	Hepatitis	Male	[73, 74]

ISSN: 1479-7364